Example Code for Arduino-PWM Motor Control

Last revision 2025/12/26

Control the DC motor using PWM mode. Input "w", "s", "a", "d", "x", "z" to control the motor to move forward, backward, turn left, turn right, stop, etc.

Hardware Preparation

Software Preparation

Wiring Diagram

Fig4: PWM Motor Control Pin Allocation

Other Preparation Work

Applying the Motor Control Pin Jumpers will allocate Pin 5,6,7,8 for motor control. The motor driver circuit control terminal uses a short-jumper to set on or off. Set on when connected and off when disconnected.

Sample Code


//Standard PWM DC control
int E1 = 5;     //M1 Speed Control
int E2 = 6;     //M2 Speed Control
int M1 = 4;    //M1 Direction Control
int M2 = 7;    //M1 Direction Control

///For previous Romeo, please use these pins.
//int E1 = 6;     //M1 Speed Control
//int E2 = 9;     //M2 Speed Control
//int M1 = 7;    //M1 Direction Control
//int M2 = 8;    //M1 Direction Control


void stop(void)                    //Stop
{
  digitalWrite(E1,LOW);
  digitalWrite(E2,LOW);
}
void advance(char a,char b)          //Move forward
{
  analogWrite (E1,a);      //PWM Speed Control
  digitalWrite(M1,HIGH);
  analogWrite (E2,b);
  digitalWrite(M2,HIGH);
}
void back_off (char a,char b)          //Move backward
{
  analogWrite (E1,a);
  digitalWrite(M1,LOW);
  analogWrite (E2,b);
  digitalWrite(M2,LOW);
}
void turn_L (char a,char b)             //Turn Left
{
  analogWrite (E1,a);
  digitalWrite(M1,LOW);
  analogWrite (E2,b);
  digitalWrite(M2,HIGH);
}
void turn_R (char a,char b)             //Turn Right
{
  analogWrite (E1,a);
  digitalWrite(M1,HIGH);
  analogWrite (E2,b);
  digitalWrite(M2,LOW);
}
void setup(void)
{
  int i;
  for(i=4;i<=7;i++)
    pinMode(i, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(115200);      //Set Baud Rate
  Serial.println("Run keyboard control");
}
void loop(void)
{
  if(Serial.available()){
    char val = Serial.read();
    if(val != -1)
    {
      switch(val)
      {
      case 'w'://Move Forward
        advance (255,255);   //move forward in max speed
        break;
      case 's'://Move Backward
        back_off (255,255);   //move back in max speed
        break;
      case 'a'://Turn Left
        turn_L (100,100);
        break;
      case 'd'://Turn Right
        turn_R (100,100);
        break;
      case 'z':
        Serial.println("Hello");
        break;
      case 'x':
        stop();
        break;
      }
    }
    else stop();
  }
}

Result

Input "w" to move forward in max speed, "s" to move backward in max speed, "a" to turn left, "d" to turn right, "x" to stop, "z" to print "Hello" in serial.

Additional Information

The motor driver circuit control terminal uses a short-jumper to set on or off. Set on when connected and off when disconnected.

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