CO, O2, NH3, H2S, NO2, HCL, H2, PH3, SO2, O3, CL2, HF Gas Sensor Wiki - DFRobot

Gas_Sensor

Introduction

The gas sensor series is designed to detect various flammable, combustible, and toxic gases in the environment. With pre-calibrated sensors, it can measure the concentration of specific gases quickly and accurately. Supporting multiple output modes, including Analog, I2C, UART, and digital alarm signals, it offers flexibility in different applications. The probes in this series use electrochemical principles, providing strong stability and sensitivity with a lifespan of up to two years.

Using the simple and user-friendly Gravity interface, you can easily build various gas concentration detectors. This sensor series has widespread applications in safety production, industrial manufacturing, and environmental protection, making it the ideal choice for settings such as coal mines, chemical industries, chemical laboratories, and environmental management.

If you use the PCB for V1.0 version and work for a long time there will be data abnormalities, please contact technical support by email: techsupport@dfrobot.com

Precautions for use

Features

Specification

Characteristic Parameters

SKU SEN0465 SEN0466 SEN0467 SEN0468 SEN0469 SEN0470
Type O2 CO H2S Cl2 NH3 SO2
Detection Range (0-25)%Vol (0-1000)ppm (0-100)ppm (0-20)ppm (0-100)ppm (0-20)ppm
Resolution 0.1%Vol 1ppm 1ppm 0.1ppm 1ppm 0.1ppm
V0 Voltage output range (1.5-0)V (0.6-3)V (0.6-3)V (2-0)V (0.6-3)V (0.6-2.4)V
Vout1 1.0V@10%vol 0.9V@200ppm 1.5V@50ppm 1.3V@10ppm 1.4V@50ppm 1.5V@10ppm
Response Time(T90) ≤15S ≤30S ≤30S ≤60S ≤150S ≤30S
SKU SEN0471 SEN0472 SEN0473 SEN0474 SEN0475 SEN0476
Type NO2 O3 H2 HCL HF PH3
Detection Range (0-20)ppm (0-10)ppm (0-1000)ppm (0-10)ppm (0-10)ppm (0-1000)ppm
Resolution 0.1ppm 0.1ppm 1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm
V0 Voltage output range (2-0)V (2-0.7)V (0.6-3)V (2-0.7)V (2-0.5)V (0.6-3)V
Vout1 1.2V@10ppm 1.3V@5ppm 1.3V@500ppm 1.4V@5ppm 1.3V@5ppm 0.7V@50ppm
Response Time(T90) ≤30S ≤120S ≤120S ≤60S ≤60S ≤30S

Explanation of VO use:

VO: It means original voltage (linear) after amplifying circuit, rather than concentration value of current environment.

Calculation method: concentration in the current environment N= 200/(Vout1-Vout0)*(Voutx-Vout0)

Where Vout1 corresponds to Vout1 in the table and Vout0 corresponds to the voltage value of the gas at 0 ppm in the table. Take CO as an example: zero point voltage Vout0 = 0.6V, Vout1 = 0.9V, the current voltage of VO Voutx = 1.2V, then the current concentration in the environment N = 400ppm

Note: The analog output is the original uncalibrated voltage of the probe, the UART/I2C data is factory calibrated, if there is no special requirement, it is recommended to use the calibrated UART/I2C data.

Board Overview

Smart Gas Sensor Terminal

Label Name Function description
1 D/T I2C data line SDA / UART data transmitting-TX
2 C/R I2C clock line SCL / UART data receiving-RX
3 - GND -
4 + Power supply + (3.3-5V compatible)
Label Name Function description
1 VCC Positive power supply (3.3-5V compatible)
2 GND GND negative power supply
3 V0 The raw voltage output of the gas probe. You can develop your own conversion algorithm based on the original output.
4 ALA Threshold alarm function, the threshold can be set through API, when exceeding this value, the pin will output high level.
5 NA Reserve custom pins, you can contact us for custom functions.

Tutorial for Arduino

Download the program to UNO and open the serial monitor to check the gas concentration.

Note:

Requirements

Acquire data in passive mode

Connection

Sample code

Statement

/*!
  * @file  initiativereport.ino
  * @brief The sensor actively reports all data
  * @n Experimental method: Connect the sensor communication pin to the main control, then burn codes into it. 
  * @n Communication mode selection, dial switch SEL:0: IIC, 1: UART
@n I2C address selection, the default I2C address is 0x74, A1 and A0 are combined into 4 types of IIC addresses
                | A1 | A0 |
                | 0  | 0  |    0x74
                | 0  | 1  |    0x75
                | 1  | 0  |    0x76
                | 1  | 1  |    0x77   default i2c address
  * @n Experimental phenomenon: Print all data via serial port
*/
#include "DFRobot_MultiGasSensor.h"

//Enabled by default, use IIC communication at this time. Use UART communication when disabled
#define I2C_COMMUNICATION

#ifdef  I2C_COMMUNICATION
#define I2C_ADDRESS    0x74
  DFRobot_GAS_I2C gas(&Wire ,I2C_ADDRESS);
#else
#if (!defined ARDUINO_ESP32_DEV) && (!defined __SAMD21G18A__)
/**
  UNO:pin_2-----RX
      pin_3-----TX
*/
  SoftwareSerial mySerial(2,3);
  DFRobot_GAS_SoftWareUart gas(&mySerial);
#else
/**
  ESP32:IO16-----RX
        IO17-----TX
*/
  DFRobot_GAS_HardWareUart gas(&Serial2); //ESP32HardwareSerial
#endif
#endif

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(115200);

  while(!gas.begin())
  {
    Serial.println("NO Deivces !");
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println("The device is connected successfully!");

  gas.changeAcquireMode(gas.PASSIVITY);
  delay(1000);

  gas.setTempCompensation(gas.OFF);
}

void loop() {

  Serial.print("Ambient ");
  Serial.print(gas.queryGasType());
  Serial.print(" concentration is: ");
  Serial.print(gas.readGasConcentrationPPM());
  Serial.println(" %vol");
  //The measurement unit will only be %vol when the sensor is SEN0465
  //Otherwise the unit will be PPM
  Serial.print("The board temperature is: ");
  Serial.print(gas.readTempC());
  Serial.println(" ℃");
  Serial.println();
  delay(1000);
}

Result

Open the serial monitor to get the gas type, concentration and temperature.

Acquire data in initiative mode

Connection

/*!
  * @file  readGasConcentration.ino
  * @brief Obtain the corresponding gas concentration in the current environment and output the concentration value
  * @n Experiment method: Connect the sensor communication pin to the main control and burn codes into it. 
  * @n Communication mode selection, dial switch SEL:0: IIC, 1: UART
    @n i2c address selection, the default i2c address is 0x74, A1 and A0 are combined into 4 types of IIC addresses
                | A1 | A0 |
                | 0  | 0  |    0x74
                | 0  | 1  |    0x75
                | 1  | 0  |    0x76
                | 1  | 1  |    0x77   default i2c address  
  * @n Experimental phenomenon: You can see the corresponding gas concentration value of the environment at this time by printing on the serial port
  */
#include "DFRobot_MultiGasSensor.h"

//Enabled by default, use IIC communication at this time. Use UART communication when disabled
#define I2C_COMMUNICATION

#ifdef I2C_COMMUNICATION
#define I2C_ADDRESS 0x74
DFRobot_GAS_I2C gas(&Wire, I2C_ADDRESS);
#else
#if (!defined ARDUINO_ESP32_DEV) && (!defined __SAMD21G18A__)
/**
  UNO:pin_2-----RX
      pin_3-----TX
*/
SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);
DFRobot_GAS_SoftWareUart gas(&mySerial);
#else
/**
  ESP32:IO16-----RX
        IO17-----TX
*/
DFRobot_GAS_HardWareUart gas(&Serial2); //ESP32HardwareSerial
#endif
#endif

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(115200);

  while(!gas.begin())
  {
    Serial.println("NO Deivces !");
    delay(1000);
  }

  gas.setTempCompensation(gas.OFF);  

  gas.changeAcquireMode(gas.INITIATIVE);
  delay(1000);
}

void loop() {
  if(true==gas.dataIsAvailable())
  {
    Serial.println("========================");
    Serial.print("gastype:");
    Serial.println(AllDataAnalysis.gastype);
    Serial.println("------------------------");
    Serial.print("gasconcentration:");
    Serial.print(AllDataAnalysis.gasconcentration);
    if (AllDataAnalysis.gastype.equals("O2"))
      Serial.println(" %VOL");
    else
      Serial.println(" PPM");
    Serial.println("------------------------");
    Serial.print("temp:");
    Serial.print(AllDataAnalysis.temp);
    Serial.println(" ℃");
    Serial.println("========================");
  }
  delay(1000);
}

Result

Open the serial monitor, then you can get the corresponding gas concentration.

Threshold alarm function

Connection

/*!
  * @file  setThresholdAlarm.ino
  * @brief Set the threshold alarm of the sensor
  * @n Experiment method: Connect the sensor communication pin to the main control and burn codes into it. 
  * @n Communication mode selection, dial switch SEL:0: IIC, 1: UART
*/
#include "DFRobot_MultiGasSensor.h"

//Enabled by default, use IIC communication at this time. Use UART communication when disabled
#define I2C_COMMUNICATION

#ifdef  I2C_COMMUNICATION
#define I2C_ADDRESS    0x77
  DFRobot_GAS_I2C gas(&Wire ,I2C_ADDRESS);
#else
#if (!defined ARDUINO_ESP32_DEV) && (!defined __SAMD21G18A__)
/**
  UNO:pin_2-----RX
      pin_3-----TX
*/
  SoftwareSerial mySerial(2, 3);
  DFRobot_GAS_SoftWareUart gas(&mySerial);
#else
/**
  ESP32:IO16-----RX
        IO17-----TX
*/
  DFRobot_GAS_HardWareUart gas(&Serial2); //ESP32HardwareSerial
#endif
#endif

#define ALA_pin 4

void setup() {

  Serial.begin(115200);

  while(!gas.begin())
  {
    Serial.println("NO Deivces !");
    delay(1000);
  }

  while (!gas.changeAcquireMode(gas.PASSIVITY))
  {
    delay(1000);
  }
  Serial.println("change acquire mode success!");

  while (!gas.setThresholdAlarm(gas.ON, 2, gas.HIGH_THRESHOLD_ALA ,gas.queryGasType()))
  {
    Serial.println("Failed to open alarm!");
    delay(1000);
  }
  pinMode(ALA_pin,INPUT);
}

void loop() {

  Serial.print(gas.queryGasType());
  Serial.print(":");
  Serial.println(gas.readGasConcentrationPPM());
  if (digitalRead(ALA_pin) == 1)
  {
    Serial.println("warning!!!");
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("nolmal!!!");
  }
  delay(200);
}

Result

-*After uploading the code successfully, open the serial monitor and you can observe the alarm message. *

-ALA outputs low level by default when no alarm is triggered. Modify the HIGH_THRESHOLD_ALA parameter in the gas.setThresholdAlarm function to LOW_THRESHOLD_ALA, then ALA outputs high level when no alarm is triggered

API description

DFR0784 Gravity: Electrochemical Smart Gas Sensor Terminal There are two data reading modes: active upload and passive response. The factory default is active upload mode, and users can adjust them in the code according to their needs.

Mode selection function "changeAcquireMode()"

Modify the parameters in brackets of the "changeAcquireMode()" function to adjust the data sending mode.

"INITIATIVE" is the active upload mode. In the active upload mode, the sensor will automatically upload parameters every 1 second;

"PASSIVITY" is the passive response mode. In the passive response mode, the sensor will feedback the parameters only every time the data reading function is called.

gas.changeAcquireMode(gas.INITIATIVE)
/*
      gas.INITIATIVE            // Active upload mode
      gas.PASSIVITY             // Passive response mode
*/

Set the probe type function "setGasType()"

Set the probe type by the "setGasType()" function.

gas.setGasType(/*Gas type*/gas.O2);

Read the probe type function "queryGasType()"

Through the "queryGasType()" function, You can get the type of current gas probe.

gas.queryGasType();

For probe compatible types and corresponding parameters, please refer to the table below.

Gas type CO O2 NH3 H2S NO2 HCL
Detection range (0-1000)ppm (0-25)%VOL (0-100)ppm (0-100)ppm (0-20)ppm (0-10)ppm
Resolution 1ppm 0.1%VOL 1ppm 1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm
V0 voltage output range (0.6-3)V (1.5-0)V (0.6-3)V (0.6-3)V (2-0)V (2-0)V
Response time (T90) ≤30S ≤15S ≤150S ≤30S ≤30S ≤60S
Gas type H2 PH3 SO2 O3 CL2 HF
Detection range (0-1000)ppm (0-1000)ppm (0-20)ppm (0-10)ppm (0-20)ppm (0-10)ppm
Resolution 1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm 0.1ppm
V0 voltage output range (0.6-3)V (0.6-3)V (0.6-3)V (2-0)V (2-0)V (2-0)V
Response time (T90) ≤120S ≤30S ≤30S ≤120S ≤60S ≤60S

Gas concentration reading function "readGasConcentrationPPM()"

The feedback gas concentration value of the gas sensor can be read through the "readGasConcentrationPPM()" function.

gas.readGasConcentrationPPM();

Temperature reading function "readTempC()"

The onboard temperature sensor data can be read through the "readTempC()" function.

gas.readTempC();

Voltage reading function "getSensorVoltage()"

The original voltage output V0 of the gas probe can be read through the "getSensorVoltage()" function.

gas.getSensorVoltage();

Configure temperature compensation function "setTempCompensation()"

You can enable/disable the temperature compensation function through the "setTempCompensation()" function.

gas.setTempCompensation();
/*
      gas.ON      Turn on
      gas.OFF        Turn off
*/

Threshold alarm function "setThresholdAlarm()"

You can configure the threshold alarm information through the "setThresholdAlarm()" function

gas.setThresholdAlarm(gas.ON, 200, gas.LOW_THRESHOLD_ALA ,gas.queryGasType());
/*
    gas.ON      Turn on
      gas.OFF        Turn off
      200            Set threshold
      gas.LOW_THRESHOLD_ALA Jump to low level when alarming
      gas.HIGH_THRESHOLD_ALA Jump to high level when alarming
      gas.queryGasType() Set alarm gas type
*/

I2C address group configuration function "changeI2cAddrGroup()"

You can configure the I2C address group code and switch between different address groups through the "changeI2cAddrGroup()" function.

In order to prevent address conflicts when using multiple sensors, we have prepared 8 groups with a total of 23 addresses. If necessary, You can use "change_sensor_iic_addr.ino" in the library file "example",to switch by modifying the group serial number configuration of "changeI2cAddrGroup()". After the serial port information displays "IIC addr change success!", power on again.

gas.changeI2cAddrGroup(i);
 /* 
     i            Group number

  //Group serial number and DIP switch configuration table
  A0 A1Dial level    00    01    10    11
  Group number          Group address
    1            0x60  0x61  0x62  0x63
    2            0x64  0x65  0x66  0x67
    3            0x68  0x69  0x6A  0x6B
    4            0x6C  0x6D  0x6E  0x6F
    5            0x70  0x71  0x72  0x73
    6(Default address group) 0x74  0x75  0x76  0x77
    7            0x78  0x79  0x7A  0x7B
    8            0x7C  0x7D  0x7E  
 */

Serial port protocol usage tutorial

Through the UART serial communication protocol, you can connect DFR0784 Gravity: Electrochemical Smart Gas Sensor Terminal to any controller with UART for data reading and sensor configuration. Note: At this time, the SEL end of the DIP switch on the sensor must be placed in the "1" position

Serial port parameter setting

Baud rate 9600
Data bit 8 bit
Check bit 1 bit

Communication protocol description

① 0x78——Modify terminal communication mode

The terminal has two communication modes, active uploading and question and answer. The factory default is active uploading mode, and data is sent every 1s.

Send

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit addr Command Communication mode -- -- -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x01 0x78 Active upload mode: 0x03
Question and answer mode: 0x04
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x84
0x83

EXP.FF 01 78 03 00 00 00 00 84 (switch to initiative mode)

EXP.FF 01 78 04 00 00 00 00 83 (switch to passive mode)

Return

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Command Back to calibration -- -- -- -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x78 Success: 0x01
Failure: 0x00
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x87
0x88

EXP.FF 78 01 00 00 00 00 00 87

② Initiative mode,Data Format

In the active upload mode, the terminal will return data every 1s. The data format is as follows.

Return

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Command Gas concentration
high bit
Gas concentration
low bit
Gas type Decimal places Temperature value
High
Temperature value
lower
Check value
0xFF 0x88 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 --

Note:

Gas Type Table

Gas Type Command Gas Type Command
NH3 0x02 SO2 0x2B
H2S 0x03 NO2 0x2C
CO 0x04 HCL 0x2E
O2 0x05 CL2 0X31
H2 0x06 HF 0x33
O3 0x2A PH3 0x45

③ 0x86——Passive mode,Read gas concentration data

In the question and answer mode, you need to send commands to read various parameters of the terminal. The method of reading the gas concentration is as follows.

Send

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit addr Command -- -- -- -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x01 0x86 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x79

EXP.FF 01 86 00 00 00 00 00 79

Return

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Command Gas concentration
high bit
Gas concentration
low bit
Gas type Decimal places -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x86 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x7A

EXP.FF 86 00 00 00 00 00 00 7A

Note:

④ 0x87——Passive mode,Read temperature data

In the question and answer mode, you need to read various parameters of the terminal by sending commands. The terminal integrates the thermistor, which can obtain the real-time temperature of the terminal. The way to read the terminal temperature is as follows.

Send

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit addr Command -- -- -- -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x01 0x87 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x78

EXP.FF 01 87 00 00 00 00 00 78

Return

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Command Temperature data
high bit
Temperature data
low bit
-- -- -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x87 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x79

EXP.FF 87 00 00 00 00 00 00 79

Note:

For the calculation method of temperature value, please refer to the sample code below: "Calculation of temperature value"

⑤ 0x88——Passive mode,Read temperature and gas concentration data

In the question and answer mode, you need to read various parameters of the terminal by sending commands, and the way to read the temperature and gas concentration data of the terminal is as follows.

Send

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit addr Command -- -- -- -- -- Check value
0xFF 0x01 0x88 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x77

EXP.FF 01 88 00 00 00 00 00 77

Return

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Command Gas concentration
high bit
Gas concentration
low bit
Gas type Decimal places Temperature value
High
Temperature value
lower
Check value
0xFF 0x88 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x78

EXP. FF 88 00 00 00 00 00 00 78

Note:

⑥ 0x89——Configure threshold alarm function

The terminal has a threshold alarm function, the alarm threshold and judgment logic can be configured. The configuration method is as follows,After the configuration is successful, the entire system needs to be powered on again to take effect.

Note: When no external controller is connected and only the sensor is used to achieve this function, the sensor must be set to active upload mode after the parameters related to the threshold alarm function are configured.

Send

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Empty Command Function switch setting Alarm concentration threshold
high bit
Alarm concentration threshold
low bit
-- -- Check value
0xFF 0x01 0x89 On: 0x01
Off: 0x00
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x71
0x70

EXP. FF 01 89 00 00 05 00 00 71 (turn off the alarm function)

EXP. FF 01 89 01 00 05 00 00 70 (open the alarm function)

Please refer to ⑤ for how to calculate the concentration.

Return

Byte0 Byte1 Byte2 Byte3 Byte4 Byte5 Byte6 Byte7 Byte8
Start bit Command Return configuration result Function switch status Alarm concentration threshold
high bit
Alarm concentration threshold
low bit
-- -- Check value
0xFF 0x89 Success: 0x01
Failure: 0x00
On: 0x01
Off: 0x00
0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 --

To configure the threshold alarm by code using a controller such as Raspberry Pi, you can use this python code: GAS_ALA.zip

Checksum calculation

unsigned char data[] = {0xFF,0x01,0x87,0x00,0x00,0x00}; 

unsigned char FucCheckSum(unsigned char *i,unsigned char ln)
{ 
    unsigned char j,tempq=0; 
    i+=1; 
    for(j=0;j<6;j++) 
    { 
        tempq+=*i; 
        i++; 
    } 
    tempq=(~tempq)+1; 
    return(tempq); 
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial.println(FucCheckSum(data,6),HEX); 
}

void loop() {

}

Calculation of temperature value

byte Temp_H = 0x01;//Temperature data high bit
byte Temp_L = 0xD9;//Temperature data low bit

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  uint16_t temp_ADC = (Temp_H << 8) + Temp_L;
  float Vpd3 = 3 * (float)temp_ADC / 1024;
  float Rth = Vpd3 * 10000 / (3 - Vpd3);
  float Temp = 1 / (1 / (273.15 + 25) + 1 / 3380.13 * log(Rth / 10000)) - 273.15;
  Serial.println(Temp);
}

void loop() {

}

FAQ

If you have any questions about using this product, please check the FAQ list for that product for a corresponding solution. For any questions, advice or cool ideas to share, please visit the DFRobot Forum.

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