URM13 Ultrasonic Sensor for Arduino/Raspberry Pi Wiki - DFRobot

Introduction

DFRobot URM13 is an ultrasonic ranging sensor with open single probe. This sensor supports TRIG Pulse-triggered ranging(SR04 compatible), UART and I2C, which brings more possibilities for actual using scenarios. With a small and compact body, the sensor works well with 3.3V or 5V mainboards like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, easy to use and integrate into various applications. Besides, the UART mode employs standard Modbus-RTU protocol and integrates receive/send control output to allow users to easily expand RS485 interface using external RS485 transceiver.
URM13 is positioned to be a professional and advanced ultrasonic sensor. The integration of new precision circuit design and smart detection algorithms on the sensor makes it much more smaller and lighter while still excellent in sensitivity. At the same time, URM13 sensor is able to automatically detect the environment and electrical noise, and complete the dynamic adjustment and calibration of sensor parameters in real-time, which ensures that it can keep stable performance in various complex application scenarios.

URM13 provides users with two built-in measuring ranges for meeting different application requirements:

  1. 15~150cm small range with up to 50Hz detecting frequency, suitbale for indoor robot obstacle avoidance, etc.
  2. 40~900cm large range with 10Hz frequency and high sensitivity, applicable for open field scenarios or projects that requires high accuracy and long ranging distance.
    The two detecting ranges can be triggered repeatedly in actual use to realize the measurement of whole range.

Specification

Board Overview

Board Overview

Users can switch the URM13 communication interface between I2C and UART according to actual use. The selected interface will be automatically saved in the sensor and can be directly used next time.

Pin Default function (UART) Reuse Function (I2C) Description
VCC + + 3.3~5.5V
GND - - Ground
C/T UART-TX I2C-SCL Sensor default to UART, please refer to Mode Switch if you need to use I2C. (The pin is in open-drain, internally pull up 6.2K resistance to VCC)
D/R UART-RX I2C-SDA Sensor default to UART, please refer to Mode Switch if you need to use I2C.(The pin is in open-drain, internally pull up 6.2K resistance to VCC)
EN Power Enable Power Enable Power enable pin, internal pull-up; pull pin EN down to turn off sensor power, leave it floating when this funciton is not used.
BUSY RS485 Receive/Send control Port BUSY(Open drain output) - Under UART mode, this pin can be used as RS485 Receive/Send control port. You can expand a RS485 interface by connecting an external RS485 driver IC.
- Under I2C mode, BUSY pin will be pulled down in ranging. If pin BUSY outputs high, it means the sensor is in idle state or the last ranging is done; Connect this pin to Master's interrupt port, then the sensor data can be read in real-time when pin BUSY outputs level rising edge.
TRIG NC TRIG - Not used in UART mode
- In I2C mode, used as external port ranging trigger pin, rising edge trigger.
ECHO NC ECHO - Not used in UART mode
- In I2C mode, when the sensor ranging function is triggered, this pin outputs a high pulse width that represents ultrasonic transmit time (unit: us)

Onboard LED State Indication

Mode Switch (UART and I2C)

The URM13 sensor is set to UART mode by default, and users can switch it between UART and I2C by the short-circuit of different pins before powering on.

After the mode is successfully switched, users can disconnect the short circuit. The switched mode will be recorded by the sensor permanently.

UART Register Description

In UART mode, the sensor is regarded as a Modbus slave, the Master needs to communicate with the sensor by Modbus protocol.

Register Address Number Name Read/Write Data Range Default Value Data Description
0x00 1 Module PID Register R 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0003 Product check (Detect module type)
0x01 1 Module VID Register R 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0010 Version check (0x0010 represents V0.0.1.0)
0x02 1 Module Address Register R/W 0x0001-0x00F7 0x000D When the sensor address is unknown, write to the register through the broadcast address 0x00, at this time, the sensor will not have data output
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting
0x03 1 Serial parameter control register 1 R/W 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0005 Module Baudrate:
0x0001---2400
0x0003---9600
0x0004---14400
0x0005---19200
0x0006---38400
0x0007---57600
0x0008---115200
Other----115200
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting
0x04 1 Serial parameter control register 2 R/W 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0001 Module check bit H:  Stop bit L:
0x00---None     0x00---0.5byte
0x01---Even       0x01---1byte
0x02---Odd      0x02---1.5byte
other---none     0x03---2byte
            Other---1byte
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting
0x05 1 Distance register R 0x0000-0xFFFF 0xFFFF The distance value LSB measured by the module represents 1mm
0x06 1 Onboard temperature data register R 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0000 The temperature value measured by the onboard temperature sensor represents 0.1℃ (with unit symbol)
0x07 1 External temperature compensation data register R/W 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0000 write ambient temperature data to this register for external temperature compensation, LSB represents 0.1℃ (with unit symbol)
0x08 1 Control register R/W 0x0000-0xFFFF 0x0004 bit0:
0-use onboard temperature compensation function
1-use external temperature compensation function(Users need to write temperature data to external temperature compensation data register)
bit1:
0-enable temperature compensation function
1-disable temperature compensation function
bit2:
0-auto detection
1-passive detection
bit3:
In passive detection mode, write 1 to this bit, then it will measure distance once. The distance value can be read from distance register about 100ms later. This bit is reserved in passive detection mode.
This bit will be auto cleared when set to 1
bit4:
0-Large measuring range(40-900cm)
1-Small measuring range(15-150cm)
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting
0x09 1 Electrical noise degree register R 0x0000-0x0A 0x0000 0x0000-0x000A corresponds to noise degree 0 to 10.
This parameter can reflect the influence of power supply and environment on the sensor. The smaller the noise level, the more accurate the distance value detected by the sensor.
0x0A 1 Ranging Sensitivity Setting register R/W 0x0000-0x0A 0x0000 0x0000-0x000A corresponds to sensitivity level 0 to 10.
Set the ranging sensitivity in large measuring range. The smaller the value, the higher the sensitivity.
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting

Arduino Tutorial in UART Mode

Requirements

Library Manager

Connection Diagram

Connection Diagram

Sample Code(Based on Arduino Modbus Library)

/**************************************************************************************************************
     This code tests the range finder function of the URM13 ultrasonic sensor
     @ author : roker.wang@dfrobot.com
     @ data   : 21.08.2020
     @ version: 1.0
**************************************************************************************************************/
#include <ArduinoModbus.h>
#include <ArduinoRS485.h>

#define   SLAVE_ADDR                ((uint16_t)0x0D)

#define   TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT          ((uint16_t)0x01 << 0)
#define   TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT       ((uint16_t)0x01 << 1)
#define   MEASURE_MODE_BIT          ((uint16_t)0x01 << 2)
#define   MEASURE_TRIG_BIT          ((uint16_t)0x01 << 3)
#define   MEASURE_RANGE_BIT         ((uint16_t)0x01 << 4)

typedef enum {
  ePid,
  eVid,
  eAddr,
  eComBaudrate,
  eComParityStop,
  eDistance,
  eInternalTempreture,
  eExternTempreture,
  eControl,
  eNoise,
  eSensitivity
} eRegIndex_t; //Sensor register index

/*
 *@brief Read data from holding register of client
 *
 *@param addr : Address of Client
 *@param reg: Reg index
 *@return data if execute successfully, false oxffff.
 */
uint16_t readData(uint16_t addr, eRegIndex_t reg)
{
  uint16_t data;
  if (!ModbusRTUClient.requestFrom(addr, HOLDING_REGISTERS, reg, 1)){
    Serial.print("failed to read registers! ");
    Serial.println(ModbusRTUClient.lastError());
    data = 0xffff;
  }else{
    data =  ModbusRTUClient.read();
  }
  return data;
}

/*
 *@brief write data to holding register of client 
 *
 *@param addr : Address of Client
 *@param reg: Reg index
 *@param data: The data to be written
 *@return 1 if execute successfully, false 0.
 */
uint16_t writeData(uint16_t addr, eRegIndex_t reg, uint16_t data)
{
  if (!ModbusRTUClient.holdingRegisterWrite(addr, reg, data)){
    Serial.print("Failed to write coil! ");
    Serial.println(ModbusRTUClient.lastError());
    return 0;
  }else
    return 1;
}

int16_t  dist;float temp;
volatile uint16_t cr = 0;
void setup() {
  ModbusRTUClient.begin(19200);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  cr &= ~TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT;//clear bit0, select internal temperature compensation
  //cr |= TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT;//set bit0,select external temperature compensation
  cr &= ~TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT;//clear bit1,enable temperature compensation
  //cr |= TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT; //set bit1,disable temperature compensation
  cr |= MEASURE_MODE_BIT;//set bit2 , set to trigger mode
  //cr &= ~MEASURE_MODE_BIT;//clear bit2 , set to Automatic ranging mode
  cr &= ~MEASURE_RANGE_BIT;//clear bit4,long-range ranging mode
  //cr |= MEASURE_RANGE_BIT; //set bit4,short-range ranging mode
  writeData(SLAVE_ADDR, eControl, cr); //Writes the setting value to the control register
  delay(100);
}

void loop() {
  cr |= MEASURE_TRIG_BIT;//Set trig bit
  writeData(SLAVE_ADDR, eControl, cr); //Write the value to the control register and trigger a ranging
  delay(300);//Delay of 300ms(minimum delay should be greater than 100ms) is to wait for the completion of ranging
  dist = readData(SLAVE_ADDR, eDistance);//Read distance register, one LSB is 1cm
  delay(10);
  temp = (float)readData(SLAVE_ADDR, eInternalTempreture) / 10.0;//Read tempreture register, one LSB is 0.1 ℃
  Serial.print("dist = ");
  Serial.print(dist);
  Serial.print("cm---");

  Serial.print("temp = ");
  Serial.print(temp);
  Serial.println(" ℃");
}

Expected Result 1

Result1

Sample Code (Send command from Arduino serial)

/**************************************************************************************************************
     This code tests the range finder function of the URM13 ultrasonic sensor
     @ author : roker.wang@dfrobot.com
     @ data   : 21.08.2020
     @ version: 1.0
**************************************************************************************************************/
#define   SLAVE_ADDR                ((uint16_t)0x0D)

#define   TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT          ((uint16_t)0x01 << 0)
#define   TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT       ((uint16_t)0x01 << 1)
#define   MEASURE_MODE_BIT          ((uint16_t)0x01 << 2)
#define   MEASURE_TRIG_BIT          ((uint16_t)0x01 << 3)
#define   MEASURE_RANGE_BIT         ((uint16_t)0x01 << 4)

#define   MB_OP_WRITE_SINGLE_HOLDING_REG  ((uint8_t)0x06)
#define   MB_OP_READ_HOLDING_REGS         ((uint8_t)0x03)

typedef enum {
  ePid,
  eVid,
  eAddr,
  eComBaudrate,
  eComParityStop,
  eDistance,
  eInternalTempreture,
  eExternTempreture,
  eControl,
  eNoise,
  eSensitivity
} eRegIndex_t; //Sensor register index

static const uint8_t aucCRCHi[] = {
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
  0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40
};

static const uint8_t aucCRCLo[] = {
  0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x07, 0xC7,
  0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD, 0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E,
  0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09, 0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9,
  0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A, 0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC,
  0x14, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
  0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3, 0xF2, 0x32,
  0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4, 0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D,
  0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38,
  0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29, 0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF,
  0x2D, 0xED, 0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
  0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x61, 0xA1,
  0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4,
  0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F, 0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB,
  0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68, 0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA,
  0xBE, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
  0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x70, 0xB0,
  0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92, 0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97,
  0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E,
  0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89,
  0x4B, 0x8B, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
  0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42, 0x43, 0x83,
  0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40
};

static uint16_t mbCrcCalculated(uint8_t  * pCmd, uint8_t  usLen )
{
  uint8_t ucCRCHi = 0xFF;
  uint8_t ucCRCLo = 0xFF;
  int16_t iIndex;

  while ( usLen-- )
  {
    iIndex = ucCRCLo ^ *( pCmd++ );
    ucCRCLo = ( uint8_t )( ucCRCHi ^ aucCRCHi[iIndex] );
    ucCRCHi = aucCRCLo[iIndex];
  }
  return ( uint16_t )( (uint16_t)ucCRCHi << 8 | ucCRCLo );
}
/*
  @brief Read data from holding register of client

  @param addr : Address of Client
  @param reg: Reg index
  @param regNum: The number of registers to read,The register is 16 bits wide
  @param pBuf:Points to the receive data buffer
*/
void readHoldingRegisters(uint16_t addr, eRegIndex_t regIndex, uint16_t regNum, uint8_t *pBuf)
{
  uint8_t pCmdBuf[8], i;
  uint16_t crc;

  pCmdBuf[0] = addr;
  pCmdBuf[1] = MB_OP_READ_HOLDING_REGS;
  pCmdBuf[2] = regIndex >> 8;
  pCmdBuf[3] = (uint8_t)regIndex;
  pCmdBuf[4] = regNum >> 8;
  pCmdBuf[5] = (uint8_t)regNum;

  crc = mbCrcCalculated(pCmdBuf, 6);
  pCmdBuf[6] = (uint8_t)crc;
  pCmdBuf[7] = crc >> 8;

  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    Serial1.write( pCmdBuf[i]);
  }
  delay(150);
  i = 0;
  while (Serial1.available()) {
    pBuf[i++] = (Serial1.read());
  }
}
/*
  @brief Write data to holding register of client

  @param addr : Address of Client
  @param reg: Reg index
  @param data: The data to be sent
  @param pBuf:Points to the receive data buffer
*/
void writeSigleHoldingRegister(uint16_t addr, eRegIndex_t regIndex, uint16_t data, uint8_t *pBuf)
{
  uint8_t pCmdBuf[8], i;
  uint16_t crc;

  pCmdBuf[0] = addr;
  pCmdBuf[1] = MB_OP_WRITE_SINGLE_HOLDING_REG;
  pCmdBuf[2] = regIndex >> 8;
  pCmdBuf[3] = (uint8_t)regIndex;
  pCmdBuf[4] = data >> 8;
  pCmdBuf[5] = (uint8_t)data;

  crc = mbCrcCalculated(pCmdBuf, 6);
  pCmdBuf[6] = (uint8_t)crc;
  pCmdBuf[7] = crc >> 8;

  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    Serial1.write( pCmdBuf[i]);
  }
  delay(150);
  i = 0;
  while (Serial1.available()) {
    pBuf[i++] = (Serial1.read());
  }
}

uint8_t rxBuf[100];
int16_t  dist; float temp;

volatile uint16_t cr = 0;
void setup() {
  Serial1.begin(19200);
  Serial.begin(9600);
  cr &= ~TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT;//clear bit0, select internal temperature compensation
  //cr |= TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT;//set bit0,select external temperature compensation
  cr &= ~TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT;//clear bit1,enable temperature compensation
  //cr |= TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT; //set bit1,disable temperature compensation
  cr |= MEASURE_MODE_BIT;//set bit2 , set to trigger mode
  //cr &= ~MEASURE_MODE_BIT;//clear bit2 , set to Automatic ranging mode
  cr &= ~MEASURE_RANGE_BIT;//clear bit4,long-range ranging mode
  //cr |= MEASURE_RANGE_BIT; //set bit4,short-range ranging mode
  writeSigleHoldingRegister(SLAVE_ADDR, eControl, cr, rxBuf); //Writes the setting value to the control register
  delay(100);
}

void loop() {
  cr |= MEASURE_TRIG_BIT;//Set trig bit
  writeSigleHoldingRegister(SLAVE_ADDR, eControl, cr, rxBuf); //Write the value to the control register and trigger a ranging
  delay(300);//Delay of 300ms(minimum delay should be greater than 100ms) is to wait for the completion of ranging
  readHoldingRegisters(SLAVE_ADDR, eDistance, 1, rxBuf); //Read distance register, one LSB is 1cm
  dist = (int16_t)rxBuf[3] << 8 | rxBuf[4];
  delay(10);
  readHoldingRegisters(SLAVE_ADDR, eInternalTempreture, 1, rxBuf); //Read tempreture register
  temp = (float)((int16_t)rxBuf[3] << 8 | rxBuf[4]) / 10.0;// one LSB is 0.1 ℃
  Serial.print("dist = ");
  Serial.print(dist);
  Serial.print("cm---");

  Serial.print("temp = ");
  Serial.print(temp);
  Serial.println(" ℃");
}

Expected Result 2

Result 2

I2C Register Description

Register Address Name Read/Write Data Range Default Value Data Description
0x00 Sensor Address Register R 0x01-0xF7 0x12 I2C Slave address
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting
0x01 Sensor PID Register R 0x00-0xFF 0x02 Product check (detect sensor type)
0x02 Sensor VID Register R 0x00-0xFF 0x10 Firmware Version: 0x10 for V1.0
0x03
0x04
Distance value register high bit
Distance value register low bit
R
R
0x00-0xFF
0x00-0xFF
0xFF
0xFF
LSB is 1cm, 0x0064 = 100cm
0x05
0x06
Onboard temperature value register high bit
Onboard temperature value register low bit
R
R
0x00-0xFF
0x00-0xFF
0xFF
0xFF
LSB is 0.1℃(with unit symbol). For example, TEMP_H = 0x00, TEMP_L = 0xfe, the actual measured temperature 0x00fe / 10 = 25.4℃
0x07
0x08
External temperature compensation data value register high bit
External temperature compensation data register low bit
R/W
R/W
0x00-0xFF
0x00-0xFF
0x00
0x00
Write ambient temperature data to this register for external temperature compensation, LSB is 0.1℃(with unit symbol)
0x09 Configuration register R/W 0x00-0xFF 0x04 bit5-bit7: reserved
bit4(Max measuring distance set bit):
0: large measuring range (40 - 900cm)
1: small measuring range(15-150cm)
bit 3: resvered:
bit2:
0:0-auto detection, sensor do measurement all the time and the distance in register is constantly updated
1:passive detection, send the ranging command once, the sensor do the measurement once and store the distance value in distance register
bit1:
0: enable temperature compensation
1: distable temperature compensation
bit0:
0-use onboard temperature compensation function
1-use external temperature compensation function.
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting
0x0A Command register R/W 0x00-0xFF 0x00 bit7-bit6: reserved
bit0:
Write 1 to this bit to trigger one measurement. 0 will be ignored
0x0B Electrical noise degree register R 0x00-0x0A 0x00 0x00-0x0A corresponds to noise degree 0 to 10.
This parameter can reflect the influence of power supply and environment on the sensor. The smaller the noise level, the more accurate the distance value detected by the sensor.
0x0C Ranging Sensitivity Setting register R/W 0x00-0x0A 0x00 0x00-0x0A corresponds to sensitivity level 0 to 10.
Set the ranging sensitivity in large measuring range(40-900cm). The smaller the value, the higher the sensitivity.
Save when powered off, take effect after restarting

I2C Mode Arduino Tutorial

Requirements

Connection Diagram

Connection Diagram

Sample Code

/*!
       Download this demo to test config to URM13, connect sensor through IIC interface
       Data will print on your serial monitor

       This example is the ultrasonic passive measurement distance and the temperature of the module.

       Copyright   [DFRobot](http://www.dfrobot.com), 2018
       Copyright   GNU Lesser General Public License

       version  V1.0
       date  21/08/2020
*/
#include <Wire.h>
typedef enum {
  eAddr = 0,
  ePid,
  eVid,
  eDistanceH ,
  eDistanceL,
  eInternalTempretureH,
  eInternalTempretureL,
  eExternalTempretureH,
  eExternalTempretureL,
  eConfig,
  eCmd,
  eNoise,
  eSensitivity,
  eRegNum
} regindexTypedef;

#define    MEASURE_RANGE_BIT        ((uint8_t)0x01 << 4)
#define    MEASURE_MODE_BIT         ((uint8_t)0x01 << 2)
#define    TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT      ((uint8_t)0x01 << 1)
#define    TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT         ((uint8_t)0x01 << 0)

#define    IIC_SLAVE_ADDR           ((uint8_t)0x12)
#define    isSensorBusy()           (digitalRead(busyPin))

int16_t    busyPin = 4;
/*
  @brief Write data to register of client

  @param addr : Address of Client
  @param regIndex: Reg index
  @param pDataBuf: point to data buffer
  @param dataLen: data length
*/
void i2cWriteBytes(uint8_t addr, regindexTypedef regIndex , uint8_t *pDataBuf, uint8_t dataLen )
{
  Wire.beginTransmission(addr); // transmit to device
  Wire.write(regIndex);              // sends one byte
  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < dataLen; i++) {
    Wire.write(*pDataBuf);
    pDataBuf++;
  }
  Wire.endTransmission();    // stop transmitting
}
/*
  @brief Read data from register of client

  @param addr : Address of Client
  @param regIndex: Reg index
  @param pDataBuf: point to data buffer
  @param dataLen: data length
*/
void i2cReadBytes(uint8_t addr, regindexTypedef regIndex , uint8_t *pDataBuf, uint8_t dataLen )
{
  unsigned char i = 0;
  Wire.beginTransmission(addr); // transmit to device #8
  Wire.write(regIndex);              // sends one byte
  Wire.endTransmission();    // stop transmitting
  Wire.requestFrom(addr, dataLen);
  while (Wire.available()) {  // slave may send less than requested
    pDataBuf[i] = Wire.read();
    i++;
  }
}

uint8_t cfg = 0, cmd = 0;
uint8_t rxBuf[100] = {0};
void setup() {
  Wire.begin(); // join i2c bus (address optional for master)
  Serial.begin(9600); // join i2c bus (address optional for master)
  pinMode(busyPin, INPUT);
  cfg &= ~MEASURE_RANGE_BIT;//clear bit4,long-range ranging mode
  //cfg |= MEASURE_RANGE_BIT;//set bit4,short-range ranging mode
  cfg |=  MEASURE_MODE_BIT;//Set bit2,i2c passive mode
  //cfg &= ~MEASURE_MODE_BIT;//clear bit2 , set to Automatic ranging mode
  cfg &= ~TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT;//clear bit1,enable temperature compensation
  //cfg |= TEMP_CPT_ENABLE_BIT;//set bit1,disable temperature compensation
  cfg &= ~TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT;//clear bit0,select internal temperature compensation
  //cfg |= TEMP_CPT_SEL_BIT;//set bit0,select external temperature compensation
  i2cWriteBytes(IIC_SLAVE_ADDR, eConfig , &cfg, 1 );
  delay(100);
}
void loop() {
  int16_t  dist, temp;
  cmd |= 0x01;//Set trig bit
  i2cWriteBytes(IIC_SLAVE_ADDR, eCmd , &cmd, 1 );//Write command register
  //You can replace the delay with these two lines of code
  //while(isSensorBusy()== HIGH);  //Wait for the sensor to start ranging
  //while(isSensorBusy()== LOW);   //Wait for sensor ranging to complete
  delay(100);//delay 100ms
  i2cReadBytes(IIC_SLAVE_ADDR, eDistanceH, rxBuf, 2 ); //Read distance register
  dist = ((uint16_t)rxBuf[0] << 8) + rxBuf[1];
  delay(10);
  i2cReadBytes(IIC_SLAVE_ADDR, eInternalTempretureH, rxBuf, 2 ); //Read the onboard temperature register
  temp = ((uint16_t)rxBuf[0] << 8) + rxBuf[1];

  Serial.print(dist, DEC);
  Serial.print("cm");
  Serial.print("------");

  Serial.print((float)temp / 10, 1);
  Serial.println("℃");
}

Expected Result 3

Result 3

TRIG Pulse-triggered Sample

Special Instruction:
1.Measuring Range cannot be switched in TRIG mode, you have to use I2C interface to configure or switch.
2.The output pulse width in TRIG mode is not compensated by temperature.

- Please make sure that the sensor is in I2C mode and passive ranging mode(I2C Config registerbit 2=1) before using.

Connection Diagram

Connection Diagram

/*!
       This example is the ultrasonic distance measurement of the module.

       Copyright   [DFRobot](http://www.dfrobot.com), 2020
       Copyright   GNU Lesser General Public License

       version  V1.0
       date  21/08/2020
*/
#define    VELOCITY_TEMP(temp)       ( ( 331.5 + 0.6 * (float)( temp ) ) * 100 / 1000000.0 ) // The ultrasonic velocity (cm/us) compensated by temperature

int16_t trigPin = 5;
int16_t echoPin = 6;
uint16_t distance;
uint32_t pulseWidthUs;
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(trigPin,OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
  pinMode(echoPin,INPUT);
  delay(100);
}
void loop() {
  int16_t  dist, temp;
  digitalWrite(trigPin,HIGH);//Set the tirgPin High
  delayMicroseconds(50);     //Delay of 50 microseconds
  digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW); //Set the tirgPin Low

  pulseWidthUs = pulseIn(echoPin,HIGH);//Measure echo high level time, the output high level time represents the ultrasonic flight time (unit: us)
  distance = pulseWidthUs * VELOCITY_TEMP(33) / 2.0;//The distance can be calculated according to the flight time of ultrasonic wave,/
                                                    //and the ultrasonic sound speed can be compensated according to the actual ambient temperature
  Serial.print(distance, DEC);
  Serial.println("cm");
  delay(100);
}

Expected Result 4

Result 4

The delineation of detection angles and sensitivity levels

The physical attributes of ultrasonic sensors inherently beget irregular detection zones. Consequently, the precise definition of the detection angle for ultrasonic ranging sensors poses a challenge. We conducted tests on various sample products using two distinct reference obstacles, and the respective reference detection zones for these targets are as illustrated in the diagrams below:

FAQ

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